Cybernetics and Second-Order Cybernetics

Cybernetics is the science that studies the abstract principles of organization in complex systems. It is concerned not so much with what systems consist of, but how they function. Cybernetics focuses on how systems use information, models, and control actions to steer towards and maintain their goals, while counteracting various disturbances. Being inherently transdisciplinary, cybernetic reasoning can be applied to understand, model and design systems of any kind: physical, technological, biological, ecological, psychological, social, or any combination of those. Second-order cybernetics in particular studies the role of the (human) observer in the construction of models of systems and other observers.

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DIALOGICS, CYBERNETICS & POST-HUMANIST COMMUNICATION THEROY

This essay theorizes dialogic communication as discursive systems comprising cybernetic minds of autonomous bodies, each with partial consciousness. Autonomous bodies are organisms and machines that communicate (i.e., produce and record) in the spaces between subjectivity and consciousness. Cybernetic minds are the structured couplings, the creative circles, the circuitries and feedback loops, that animate the articulated bodies of cybernetic minds. The production of subjectivity situates agency; partial consciousness is the articulation of this situated agency with embodied experience. Insofar as consciousness is both embodied and partial, and insofar as subjectivity is both fluid and situational, autonomous mediate consciousness and subjectivity. Identities, both claimed and assigned, are names for subjects. As bodies communicate from the spaces between subjectivity and consciousness, rather than from the positions of objectivity and truth, the possibility of dialogue emerges, a possibility of communication that moves beyond the dialectics of representation and reference to the dialogics of reflexivity and implicativity. These shifts in generic modes of communication are nonlinear, impermanent and unstable, and constitute a qualitative shift from a materialist to a cybernetic epistemology. Cybernetic mind, then, manifests as the production of subjectivities through the circuitries of self-reflexive partial consciousness -immanent communicative praxis.

On Selfish Memes: culture as complex adaptive system

We present the formal definition of meme in the sense of the equivalence between memetics and the theory of cultural evolution. From the formal definition we find that culture can be seen analytically and persuade that memetic gives important role in the exploration of sociological theory, especially in the cultural studies. We show that we are not allowed to assume meme as smallest information unit in cultural evolution in general, but it is the smallest information we use on explaining cultural evolution. We construct a computational model and do simulation in advance presenting the selfish meme powerlaw distributed. The simulation result shows that the contagion of meme as well as cultural evolution is a complex adaptive system. Memetics is the system and art of importing genetics to social sciences.

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Where Have All the Children Gone?

In the third century AD there was a prophet called Mani. He preached a doctrine of conflict between Good and Evil. He saw the material world as the devil’s creation. Marriage and motherhood was a grave sin in his view, since by bearing children people multiply the works of Satan. The Manichean ideal was to move mankind to a superterrestrial realm of Good by way of gradual extinction.

In the course of history, Manichaeism was ruthlessly eradicated as an heretical, ungodly doctrine. When looking at demographic statistics, however, one might think that the populations in developed countries have converted en masse to Manichaeism and decided to become extinct. The birth rate in most western countries has fallen bellow replacement level.

From Tech Central Station

Bush Wants $80B More for Iraq

WASHINGTON – As Congress started to digest a new Bush administration request of $80 billion to bankroll wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, its top budget analyst on Tuesday projected $855 billion in deficits for the next decade even without the costs of war and President Bush’s Social Security plan.

Yahoo News via AmSam

Global poverty can be cut in half by 2015 and eliminated by 2025

UNITED NATIONS—Global poverty can be cut in half by 2015 and eliminated by 2025 if the world’s richest countries including the United States, Japan and Germany more than double aid to the poorest countries, hundreds of development experts concluded in a report Monday.

At stake is life or death for tens of millions of impoverished people, it said.

The OlympianviaAmSam

Judge Rules Ravers Can Suck On Pacifiers & Wear Glow Sticks

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Ravers and those who represent them haven’t been winning as many fights as we’d like to see, but score one for the American Civil Liberties Union (UCLA). The organization’s Drug Policy Litigation Project department had those zealous Drug Enforcement Agency employees running for cover on Friday when a judge ruled that pacifiers, vapor rub, glow sticks and masks were not drug paraphernalia.

ChartAttack via Cliff Pickover’s RealityCarnival

Search for life signal on Titan

“Scientists will comb data sent back from Titan by the Huygens probe for the chemical signature of life in a bid to identify the moon’s source of methane.”

If there’s not life on Titan now, there will be eventually. In a few billion years the Sun will begin expanding, swallowing the orbits of the inner planets (including ours) and heating the frozen moons of Jupiter and Saturn, speeding up chemical processes.

BBC via PostHumanBlues

Redesigning the Web

The web as we know it was invented by a British academic working in Switzerland. Is a Nordic academic working in Britain about to redefine it forever?

Frode Hegland, a researcher at University College London, wants to change the basic structure of information on the net.

Hegland’s project, Liquid Information, is kinda like Wikipedia meets hypertext. In Hegland’s web, all documents are editable, and every word is a potential hyperlink.

Wired News via KurzweilAI

Grass Replaces Ice in Antarctica, Arctic rushes to catch up

Today’s New York Times reports that on the Antarctic peninsula, glaciers are melting and thinning, and ice shelves are collapsing or shrinking.

”[A]ll possible indications of global warming,” in the cool phraseology typical of the Times.

The melting on the Antarctic Peninsula is remarkably similar to climate conditions observed in the Arctic, and detailed in the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment released last November.



World Changing

The psychology and art of creativity

HAS THIS EVER HAPPENED TO YOU? You’re out for a jog, completely relaxed, yourmind a pleasant blank. Then all of a sudden the solution to a problem you’ve been mulling over for weeks pops into your head. You can’t help but wonder why you didn’t think of it before.

In such moments you’ve made contact with the creative spirit, that elusive muse of good—and sometimes great—ideas. Yet it is more than an occasional insight. When the creative spirit stirs, it animates a style of being: a lifetime filled with the desire to innovate, to explore new ways of doing things, to bring dreams to reality.

Psychology Today