One-Fifth of Human Genes Have Been Patented, Study Reveals

A new study shows that 20 percent of human genes have been patented in the United States, primarily by private firms and universities.

The study, which is reported this week in the journal Science, is the first time that a detailed map has been created to match patents to specific physical locations on the human genome.

Researchers can patent genes because they are potentially valuable research tools, useful in diagnostic tests or to discover and produce new drugs.

“It might come as a surprise to many people that in the U.S. patent system human DNA is treated like other natural chemical products,” said Fiona Murray, a business and science professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, and a co-author of the study.

“An isolated DNA sequence can be patented in the same manner that a new medicine, purified from a plant, could be patented if an inventor identifies a [new] application.”

National Geographic

Woman ‘has First Face Transplant’

Doctors in France say they have performed the first partial face transplant on a woman who had suffered extensive injuries in a dog attack.

A joint statement from hospitals in Lyon and Amiens in northern France said on Wednesday the surgery took place Sunday in Amiens on a 38-year-old woman, replacing her nose, lips and chin.

The woman was in “excellent” condition and that the transplanted organs look “normal,” the statement said. She wants to remain anonymous, it added.

CNN

Psychedelics and Religious Experience by Alan Watts

The undoubted mystical and religious intent of most users of the psychedelics, even if some of these substances should be proved injurious to physical health, requires that their free and responsible use be exempt from legal restraint in any republic that maintains a constitutional separation of church and state. To the extent that mystical experience conforms with the tradition of genuine religious involvement, and to the extent that psychedelics induce that experience, users are entitled to some constitutional protection. Also, to the extent that research in the psychology of religion can utilize such drugs, students of the human mind must be free to use them. Under present laws, I, as an experienced student of the psychology of religion, can no longer pursue research in the field. This is a barbarous restriction of spiritual and intellectual freedom, suggesting that the legal system of the United States is, after all, in tacit alliance with the monarchical theory of the universe, and will, therefore, prohibit and persecute religious ideas and practices based on an organic and unitary vision of the universe.

Deoxy

New Orleans to offer free Wi-Fi

The Big Easy plans to be the first major city to offer free wireless Internet access to its citizens in an effort to entice businesses and people to return to the city after the devastating hurricane season.

On Tuesday, New Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin announced the city’s plan to cover the city with Wi-Fi Internet access within a year. And unlike other citywide wireless networks that have been proposed in cities like Philadelphia and San Francisco, New Orleans plans to operate the network itself.

C/Net News

Research: Expectations can Help Healing

Your medicine really could work better if your doctor talks it up before handing over the prescription. Research is showing the power of expectations, that they have physical _ not just psychological _ effects on your health.

Scientists can measure the resulting changes in the brain, from the release of natural painkilling chemicals to alterations in how neurons fire.

Among the most provocative findings: New research suggests that once Alzheimer’s disease robs someone of the ability to expect that a proven painkiller will help them, it doesn’t work nearly as well.

It’s a new spin on the placebo effect _ and it begs the question of how to harness this power and thus enhance treatment benefits for patients.

HappyNews

The Man Who Sold the War

John Rendon is a man who fills a need that few people even know exists. The Pentagon secretly awarded him a $16 million contract to target Iraq and other adversaries with propaganda. He is a leader in the strategic field known as “perception management,” manipulating information—and, by extension, the news media.

Rolling Stone

Former Canadian Minister Of Defence Asks Canadian Parliament To Hold Hearings On Relations With Alien Civilizations

OTTAWA, CANADA (PRWEB) November 24, 2005—A former Canadian Minister of Defence and Deputy Prime Minister under Pierre Trudeau has joined forces with three Non-governmental organizations to ask the Parliament of Canada to hold public hearings on Exopolitics—relations with “ETs.”

By “ETs,” Mr. Hellyer and these organizations mean ethical, advanced extraterrestrial civilizations that may now be visiting Earth.

On September 25, 2005, in a startling speech at the University of Toronto that caught the attention of mainstream newspapers and magazines, Paul Hellyer, Canada’s Defence Minister from 1963-67 under Nobel Peace Prize Laureate Prime Minister Lester Pearson, publicly stated: “UFOs, are as real as the airplanes that fly over your head.”

Mr. Hellyer went on to say, “I’m so concerned about what the consequences might be of starting an intergalactic war, that I just think I had to say something.”

Yahoo

Nanotubes make super-springs

Carbon nanotubes have been found to act like super-compressible springs, which could allow the creation of foam-like materials for everything from disposable coffee cups to new space shuttle insulation.

Research reported in the journal Science shows that films of aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes can act like a layer of mattress springs and rebound in response to force. Unlike a mattress, however, the foams retain resilience even after thousands of compression cycles—there is no tradeoff between strength and flexibility.

“Carbon nanotubes display an exceptional combination of strength, flexibility, and low density, making them attractive and interesting materials for producing strong, ultra-light foam-like structures,” says Pulickel Ajayan, coauthor of the paper.

betterhumans

Happy Peak Oil Day!

Reasonable people may disagree, but Princeton geology professor emeritus Ken Deffeyes, author of 2001’s Hubbert’s Peak: The Impending World Oil Shortage and 2005’s Beyond Oil: The View from Hubbert’s Peak (sense a theme?), stated on his blog in early 2004:

Although it is a bit silly, we can now pick a day to celebrate passing the top of the mathematically smooth Hubbert curve: Nov 24, 2005. It falls right smack dab on top of Thanksgiving Day 2005. It sounds a little sick to observe a gloomy day, but in San Francisco they still observe April 18 as the anniversary of the 1906 earthquake.

That’s right—according to one of the more preeminent peak oilers, yesterday was the day the world saw its maximum oil production. Probably.

The reality is that oil peaking is not a smooth curve, of course. Unexpected discoveries, technology improvements, and the like will sporadically increase output, even after the decline has truly begun. And, as we’ve noted in the past, peak oil matters most when demand exceeds supply. The best defense against peak oil nightmares is to stop using so damn much of the stuff. We know how to move to a cleaner, greener, higher-efficiency civilization; the time to do so is now.

worldchanging

Greenhouse-gas levels highest for 650,000 years

Current levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are higher than at any time in the past 650,000 years, say researchers who have finished cataloguing air bubbles trapped for millennia inside Antarctic ice. The record, which extends back over the past eight ice ages, shows that today’s concentrations of carbon dioxide and methane far outstrip those in the past.

Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have risen 200 times faster over the past 50 years than at any other time during this period, says Thomas Stocker of the University of Bern, Switzerland, who led the analysis.

Nature

This Is Your Brain Under Hypnosis

The New York Times has an article on the increasing interest in hypnosis among cognitive neuroscientists, who are trying to understanding how suggestion and belief can affect basic mental processing.

The article describes some interesting recent work on hypnosis and perception, but omits some of the most fascinating experiments in this area.

A study published in 2003 involved hypnotising participants to simulate experiences of external control, akin to experiences sometimes found in psychosis, to discover whether similar brain areas might be involved in the psychotic and non-psychotic experiences.

Another study, published in the same year, involved hypnotising participants so they thought they were paralysed, in an attempt to better understand ‘hysterical’ paralysis, sometimes known as conversion disorder – a condition where paralysis is thought to occur due to psychological trauma rather than physical damage.

Study boosts homeopathy

A six-year UK study has provided support for homeopathy by demonstrating that over 70% of people with chronic diseases had positive health changes after homeopathic treatment.

The study, conducted at Bristol Homeopathic Hospital shows, involved more than 6,500 patients with conditions ranging from eczema to arthritis.

The results come a few months after a study in The Lancet found that homeopathy was no better than placebo.

In a BBC News report, Matthias Egger of the University of Berne, who worked on The Lancet study, criticized the new report.

Egger says it was weakened by lack of a comparison group and he questioned the validity of how improvements were recorded.

“Patients were simply asked by their homeopathic doctor whether they felt better, and it is well known that in this situation many patients will come up with the answer the doctor wants to hear,” says Egger.

BBC

Holographic-memory discs may put DVDs to shame

A computer disc about the size of a DVD that can hold 60 times more data is set to go on sale in 2006. The disc stores information through the interference of light – a technique known as holographic memory.

The discs, developed by InPhase Technologies, based in Colorado, US, hold 300 gigabytes of data and can be used to read and write data 10 times faster than a normal DVD. The company, along with Japanese partner Hitachi Maxell announced earlier in November that they would start selling the discs and compatible drives from the end of 2006.

NS

MEDITATION, SLEEP, AND PERFORMANCE

Previous studies have documented clear changes in the EEG during meditation, especially an increase in alpha waves (as typically occurs with eyes closed) followed by theta bursts. Although this brain state is clearly a form of wakefulness, meditation, like sleep, is also reported to be relaxing and restorative. Again, like sleep, we do not know what is restored, but we can at least use well-validated and accepted measures of sleepiness to test whether meditation might be restorative in similar or different ways than sleep. Although many people have used meditation to assist sleep, such as in cases of insomnia, virtually no work has addressed the interactions of meditation, sleep, restoration and performance. Therefore, we have begun a series of studies using the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) before and after periods of mediation and differing sleep debts.

Our first study measured PVT performance in the mid-afternoon(when vigilance typically wanes a bit) before and after 40 minute periods of meditation, sleep, or a control activity. All ten subjects underwent multiple sessions of each activity and showed a significant improvement in PVT measures five minutes after meditation and a significant decline in performance after a nap(presumably due to sleep inertia). An hour later both of these effects are reduced. Seven of the ten subjects were also tested following a full-night of sleep deprivation which lowered the PVT performance. The relative improvement from this lowered baseline condition was even greater following meditation in this sleep deprived state in six out of the seven subjects and all seven reduced their number of lapses. The subjects in this study had limited prior meditation experience. This suggested that meditation serves a performance-enhancing and perhaps restorative role even in novice meditators. We are now in the process of performing longer term studies in expert meditators who spend several hours a day in meditation to address whether meditation may be able to partially replace sleep. Preliminary data thus far suggests some replacement, but much more work is needed.

Integral Spirituality by Ken Wilber

During the last 30 years, we have witnessed a historical first: all of the world’s cultures are now available to us. In the past, if you were born, say, a Chinese, you likely spent your entire life in one culture, often in one province, sometimes in one house, living and loving and dying on one small plot of land. But today, not only are people geographically mobile, we can study, and have studied, virtually every known culture on the planet. In the global village, all cultures are exposed to each other.

Knowledge itself is now global. This means that, also for the first time, the sum total of human knowledge is available to us—the knowledge, experience, wisdom and reflection of all major human civilizations—premodern, modern, and postmodern—are open to study by anyone.

What if we took literally everything that all the various cultures have to tell us about human potential—about spiritual growth, psychological growth, social growth—and put it all on the table? What if we attempted to find the critically essential keys to human growth, based on the sum total of human knowledge now open to us? What if we attempted, based on extensive cross-cultural study, to use all of the world’s great traditions to create a composite map, a comprehensive map, an all-inclusive or integral map that included the best elements from all of them?

Sound complicated, complex, daunting? In a sense, it is. But in another sense, the results turn out to be surprisingly simple and elegant. Over the last several decades, there has indeed been an extensive search for a comprehensive map of human potentials. This map uses all the known systems and models of human growth—from the ancient shamans and sages to today’s breakthroughs in cognitive science—and distills their major components into 5 simple factors, factors that are the essential elements or keys to unlocking and facilitating human evolution.

Welcome to the Integral Approach. (pdf)